Method for making sanctuary candles



Dec.28, 1937. D. o. c. DEcKl-:RT

l METHOD FOR MAKING SANCTUARY CANDLES 2 Sheets-Sheet l Filed Dec. 18,1936 al f. ,Mm/W Z/ WWMW W 2% 4 d .s d. .Onu s y?, W i

De- 28, 1937. D. o. c. DECKERT v METHOD FOR MAKING SKANCTUARY CANDLES 2Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed, Dec. 18, 1956 Patented Dec. 28, 1937 Unirse staresMETHOD FOR MAKING SANCTUARY CANDLES y Danvers 0. C. Deckert, St. Louis,Mo.

Application December 18, 1936, Serial No, 116,475

1 Claim.

This invention relates to sanctuary candles.

An object of this invention is to provide a long burning sanctuarycandle which will have a flame of uniform intensity so constructed andarranged that the entire fuel body will be consumed.

Heretofore sanctuary candles have been cast in containers but they havebeen arranged so that a well is sometimes formed in the fuel body aroundthe wick during the burning of the candle, and after a Well is so formedupon a sudden rise of temperature the sides of the well collapse causingthe melted fuel at the center to rise and extinguish the flame.

Another object of the invention is to provide means whereby a sanctuarycandle may successfully use a fuel stock of low melting point.

Another object ofthe invention is to provide a method and apparatus forforming a cone or mound at the top of a fuel 4body of a candle when castin a transparent casing.

. Other advantages not `mentioned are inherent in the invention, some ofwhich will be obvious from the following detail description taken inconnection with the accompanying drawings.

Fig. l is a perspective view of a candle embodying the invention andmade in accordance therewith;

Fig. 2 is a sectional view'showing the candle;

Fig. 3 is a view of apparatus used in manufacturing the candle;

Fig. 4 is a vertical section through the center of a mold member; f f

Fig. 5 is a sectional view of the candle at one step of its manufacture;

Fig. 6 is a sectional view similar to Fig. 5-at another step in themanufacture; and

Figs. 7, 8 and 9 illustrate successive steps respectively in molding thecandle within a casing having a restricted mout-h.

A candle made in accordance with this invention includes a fuel body Ienclosedv within a casing 2. The casing is a wide mouthed containerhaving integrally a bottom and a cylindrical wall. The casing need notbe a true cylinder. It may be such as shown in embodiment in Figs. l and2, or it may be substantially modified by having inclined Walls and arestricted mouth as shown in Figs. 7, 8 and 9. It will beunderstoodftherefore, that the word cylindrical, as used herein, doesnot necessarily mean a true cylinder but refers to a construction havingfunctions and structure like a cylinder.

The casing is preferably of clear glass although obviously a syntheticorganic plastic could be used successfully. The fuel body may beordinary candle wax; any Wax of low melting point obtainable on themarket as such being suitable.

vThe candle is provided with a wick :i extenting vertically, andcentrally disposed through the fuel body.

In burning the candle a cap l is used; this cap having an annulus 5which may be substantially of the same diameter as the outer diameter ofthe casing 2 and whose central opening El forms a flue for the exit ofgases of combustion and the heated air within the casing. The annulus 5carries a series (four in number as actually shown on the drawings) ofdownwardli1 extending lugs 'I having notches 8, each of which presents ahorizontal edge to contact and rest upon the top edge of the walls ofthe container 2, and a vertical edge which contacts the inner surface ofthe casing. Thus the cap is held in place and the annulus is spacedabove the top of the container, to provide a substantially uniformopening 9 through which currents of fresh air may pass into the candlecasing to support combustion.

The fuel body has a cone or mound Ill at its top, which as specificallyshown in the drawings comprises a series of cylinders or cones oflessening diameter superimposed upon eachother, theV process in theformation of which will be de-V scribed in detail later in thisspecification. A simple apparatus or frame for casting` the candle isshown in Fig. 3. A base II serves as a support for containers 2 while `aframework l2 carries clips I3 adapted to engage core rods-or wires I4,sometimes referred to as dummy Wicks. The bottom of the rod I4 is placedin a plate or spacer I5 which may be of wood or, as specifically shownin the drawings, of sheet metal, convex in form and having a holecentrally therethrough and upwardly extending fingers It. It will beunderstood that after the fuel body is cast the rod I4 is Withdrawn anda true wick, stiffened in any acceptable manner already known in theart, will be inserted through the hole in the wax left by the Withdrawalof the rod or wire. The apparatus illustrated in Fig. 3 is shown asadapted to accommodate three containers, but it will be understood thissmall number is merely shown as a matter of convenience, and that inactual practice such a device will accommodate many times this numberfor economy in manufacture. After the containerswith the core rods I4are in place, as shown in Fig. 3, `molten candle wax is poured into thecontainer to a point approximately as indicated by the numeral I'I onFig. 5. 'I'he waX is then allowed to cool and in cooling will shrinkforming a cavity as shown by the line I8 in Fig. 5. A mold member I9 isthen inserted in the top of the casingA 2, as shown in Fig. 6. This moldmember comprises a circular body 28 having a central orifice 2| throughwhich the second pouring o f wax maybe made. The inner surface of thebody 2B hasaconical cavity 22 which, as specifically. shown, comprises aseries of cylindrical or conical sections decreasing in diameter. riheupper surface of the mold member has a cavity 23 providing a sprue aboutthe orifice 2|. A circumferential 'flange 24 about the body 28 is suchthat when the body portion sits inside the top of the casing 2 thecircumferential ange 24 extends outwardly beyond the edge of the casingand provides means for handling the mold member.

The line I'I is so xed that the bottom edge of the body 281will contactthe surface of the wax when the mold member is inserted. The cavity tobe filled is bounded on its upper side by the wall of the conical cavity22.

A second pouring' of molten wax is made through the orifice 2l so thatthe wax projects upwardly and lls the inner cavity 22 of the mold 1member as well as the orice 2l and preferably,

to allow for the shrinkage, the top cavity or sprue 23 in the moldmember. After the second pouring has been allowed to harden the wax isscraped out of the cavity 23 by an instrument such as a putty knife, andthe mold member I9 is lifted from the casing. Because of uncertaintiesin the manufacture of glass containers the diameter of the body portion2U must be made slightly smaller Vso than the usual inner diameter ofthe casings, to provide for ready insertion and removal, and to providefor tolerances .inV glass manufacture.

While but two pourings haveV been illustrated and described, ordinarilydepending upon the size and proportions of the casing, an intermediatepouring is required or is desirable before the mold member is inserted.This is illustratedV and described specically in connection with Figs.7, 8 and 9.

It will be understood that during the rst and second pouring of wax thecore rod |4 will be in place, as shown in Fig. 3. The clips I3 are soarranged that after the wax has been hardened subsequent to theV firstpouring the core rod may be removed from the clip |31 and the coremember YIS will be placed in position by passing the rod through theorifice 2|. Y

After the wax has hardened subsequent to the second pouring the core rodI4 is withdrawn. VA hook 25 is formed in the upper end of the rod I4 tofacilitate its manipulation. The wick 3, which is of stiff material isinserted into the candle through the hole made by the .removal of thecore rod Ill and the candle thus is completed.'

It has been pointed out that the wax is not vfilled tothe very top ofthe casing, but to a line I l', as heretofore mentioned and as shown inFig. 5. It is recommended that this be between threefourths to one inchfrom the top. In extreme hot Y weather the waxY body will expand andunless this space is left the wax will expand over the top of the casingwall,

The cone or mound I8 at theV top of the Wax body has been described indetail.` The purpose of this cone is to prevent a well forming in thefuel body, leaving above the wick upwardly extending walls, which bysuddenly melting or caving may extinguish the name. With the mound orcone I a reduced fuel body is provided when the candle is lighted anduntil it is uniformly heated. After the burning has progressed to aconsiderable extent the entire top of the fuel body will become liquidso that the formation of a well and the accidental extinguishing of thellame is prevented. Y

'I'he arrangement of the cap 4 with a central flue and a substantiallyuniform opening about the top of the casing is such as to provide aiiickerless and sootless flame and one which is uniform throughout theburning. The outside air to support combustion will enter through thespace 9 between the annulus 5 and the top of the casing and flowdownwardly in the form of a Vcylinder`toward the flame, while the gasesof combustion and the heated air will flow upwardly at the center andoutwardly through the ue or central orifice 6 in the cap.

Figs. '7, 8 and 9 illustrate an embodiment of the invention in a'container having a restricted mouth. 'I'hese figures also illustrate anintermediatepouring between the initial pouring and the final one. Y Inthis case the container 2 has a restricted mouth 30. Molten wax ispoured Yinto the container to a line and upon cooling a cavity I8 willbe left.

Ycavity indicated by the numeral 3|, Fig. 8. A

mold piece 32 is then inserted in the neck ofthe container until thebottom contacts the top of the body of wax.

VThe mold piece 32 is similar to the mold piece I9 except that it ismore elongated in form. It has a central orifice 2|, a bottom cavity 22and a top cavity or sprue 23.

It has been found that a candle in combination with the cap, as hereindescribed, provides a long burning device with a flame of constantluminosityY which will not be accidentally extinguished under anyordinary conditions. A lickerless and sootless flame is produced with aminimum or practically no fire hazard. The method and mold piece provideefficiently for Ythe manufacture of the device.

Various changes may be. made in the details yof construction, within thescope of the appendedr claim, without departing from the scope of thisinvention, while parts of the invention may be Y used to advantagewithout the whole.

harden against the WallsY of the casing, leavingV through shrinkage acentral cavity at the top thereof, placing a mold piece within the topof the casing, flowing further molten material into the cavity andagainstthe underside of said mold piece, allowing said further materialto hardenV Y in contact with the underside ofthe mold piece to form amound, and removing the mold piece.

DANVERS O. C. DECKERT.

